CS201 Subjective questions # 6

By ADEEL ABBAS, Bhakkar. AdeelAbbasbk@gmail.com

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Double:

A fundamental data type in C and C++. Double variables are used to store floating-point values. They offer greater precision and can store larger numbers than floats.

Dynamic memory allocation:

The process of dynamically creating objects in the heap or free store during program runtime. Statically created objects, created by the compiler, are put on the program stack.

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Explicit:          

A C++ keyword used in the declaration of constructors to indicate that conversion of an initializer should not take place.

Garbage collection:

A way of automatically managing dynamic storage such that explicit cleanup of storage is not required. C++ does not have garbage collection.

Global variable:

A variable that is accessible throughout the whole program, whose lifetime is that of the program.

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Heap: 

A pool of memory used for dynamic memory allocation. Blocks of memory from this area are allocated for program use during execution using the new operator in C++ and the malloc function in C.

int:      

The C/C++ keyword int is used to declare an integer variable.

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Linker:           

A program that combines object files and library code to produce an executable program.

Memory leak:

In C/C++, it is possible to allocate space for objects (variables) dynamically during program execution. After finishing use of a dynamically allocated object, it is necessary to explicitly release the memory consumed by the object, particularly before pointers to the object go out of scope. Failure to do so results in a memory leak. Long running programs or those that allocate memory extensively can consume or occupy enough of a computers memory to seriously hinder performance when memory leaks are present.

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Overload:       

To specify more than one function of the same name, but with varying numbers and types of parameters.

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Prototype:      

A prototype is a function declaration. Function declarations are generally placed in header files.

Return:           

C++ keyword used for returning values from a function.

Return value:

The value returned from a function.

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String:

A set of consecutive characters treated by a computer as a single item. In C, strings are represented in null , '\0', terminated character arrays. In C++, it is common to use the

Template class:

A combination of a template with a template argument list via the process of template instantiation.

While: 

C++ keyword used to declare an iteration statement. It means 'do until the condition is true'.

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