MIDTERM EXAMINATION
Spring 2010
MGT503- Principles of Management (Session - 2)
Time: 60 min
Marks: 47
Question No: 1 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
According to Mintzberg, which management role includes entrepreneur, disturbance
handler, resource allocator and negotiator?
۩ Interpersonal
Informational
۩ Decisional 8
۩ Planning
Question No: 2 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
۩ Moral
۩ Ethical
۩ Social 28
۩ Technical
Question No: 3 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the following management perspective focuses on decision making, economic
effectiveness, mathematical models and use of computers?
۩ Knowledge management
۩ Total quality management
۩ Marketing management
۩ Quantitative management 24
Question No: 4 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the following concept suggests that organizational units may often be more
successful working together than working alone?
۩ Transformation
۩ Synergy 107
۩ Negative Entropy
۩ Entropy
The work group processes usually result in greater or lesser performance than would occur if
the individuals
worked alone rather than as members of the group. This process is called synergy 107
The combined power of a group of things when they are working together which is greater
than the total power achieved by each working separately
Question No: 5 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
A form of business exchange or transaction in which the parties interact electronically
is called:
۩ E-commerce 25
۩ E-business
۩ E-shopping
E- trading
Question No: 6 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
An individual’s personal beliefs regarding what is right and wrong or good and bad is
called:
۩ Ethics
۩ Values
۩ Norms
۩ Rituals
Question No: 7 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
A formal written statement of the values and ethical standards that guide a firm’s
action is called:
۩ Values
۩ Code of ethics 34
۩ Social responsiveness
۩ Norms
Question No: 8 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
For the first time, a Textile company is closing one of its plants in Faisalabad
situation, which type of decision is being practiced by its Top management?
۩ Satisficing
۩ Programmed
۩ Non-programmed44
۩ Heuristic
Non-programmed decisions are those for which predetermined decision rules are
impractical because the
situations are novel and/or ill-structured.
Question No: 9 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Most of the time lower level management of organizations have to deal with problems
which are:
۩ Satisficing
۩ Well-structured 44
۩ Non-programmed
۩ Ill-structured
Well-structured problems are straightforward, familiar, and easily defined. In handling this
situation, a manager can use a programmed decision, which is a repetitive decision that can
be
handled by a routine approach.
Question No: 10 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Aisha wants to sell her house. She makes a decision to sell house to the first person who
comes along after getting the initial offer. which of the following she is practicing?
۩ Bounding rationality
۩ Satisficing
۩ Competitive
۩ Optimizing
Question No: 11 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
The customs, norms, values and demographic characteristics of the society in which the
organization functions are called:
۩ The socio-cultural element 31
۩ The legal-political element
۩ The economic element
۩ The international element
The socio-cultural element of the mega-environment includes the attitudes, values, norms,
beliefs, behaviors, and associated demographic trends that are characteristic of a given
geographic
area
Question No: 12 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
According to Adam Smith, the division of labor results in:
۩ Increased worker's motivation
۩ Decreased worker's specialization
۩ Increased worker's productivity
۩ Decreased worker's motivation
Question No: 13 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
In which of the following conditions forecasting is considered to be the most accurate?
۩ Try to predict non-seasonal events
۩ Complex forecasting methods are used
۩ The environment is rapidly changing
۩ More people are involved in the process
Question No: 14 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
The significance of ‘Pakistan 23 March, 1940 ’ is:
Grabbing the maximum territory for Pakistan
۩ Clarifying the goal to get an independent Muslim state
۩ Accumulating the major river sources of subcontinent
۩ Getting a renowned title from British government
Question No: 15 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
The distinct purpose of an organization is typically expressed in terms of:
۩ Systematic structure
۩ A goal or set of goals 3
۩ Management competencies
۩ Managerial hierarchy
What is an Organization?
“It is an entity where two or more persons work together to achieve a goal or a common
purpose.”
Question No: 16 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
To motivate the employees a manager should give them:
۩ Monetary Incentives
۩ Promotion
۩ Appreciation certificates
۩ All of the given options
Incentives- Incentitives are one of the most common ways of motivating employees. Employee
incentives can be money, gift cards, gifts, vacation trips, ect. The best way to decide what
incentive to use to motivate employees is by asking them what they would like. You may be
surprised that it’s not always money that an employee seeks
Question No: 17 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
In order to achieve efficiency, organizations empower their employees which
ultimately results in:
۩ Wider span of control
۩ Narrow span of control
۩ Increased autocracy
۩ Vertical hierarchy
Question No: 18 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Total Quality Management (TQM), advocates:
۩ Satisfying employees should be given more emphasis
۩ Restructuring of procedures to achieve efficiency
۩ Avoiding any compromise over product competency
۩ Managing all type of information sequentially
Question No: 19 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
In order to ensure work efficiency, F. Taylor suggested that appropriate number of
workers should be selected cautiously prior to work assignment to them. In which of the
following category of POLCA this proposal will be incorporated?
۩ Organizing 10
۩ Leading
۩ Controlling
۩ Assuring
Organizing
It is the management function that involves the process of determining what tasks are to be done. Who is to
do them, how the tasks are to be grouped, who reports to whom, and where decisions are to be made.
Question No: 20 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
‘Break-even Analysis’ is a means of earning profitable operations of the business
through concrete calculations. Therefore, it falls under:
۩ Scientific management
۩ Behavioral management
۩ Management science
۩ Operation management
Question No: 21 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
While working employees feel as a part of community to give & get from the
community. This aspect is represented by:
۩ Organizational citizenship
۩ Workplace spirituality
۩ Employee commitment
۩ Workforce diversity
Question No: 22 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Amir is representing his company at the local Chamber of Commerce Annual Business
Recognition luncheon. He is performing which of the following managerial role?
۩ Liaison
۩ Negotiator
۩ Monitor
۩ Figurehead
Question No: 23 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Who stands responsible for managing contingent situations?
۩ Spokesperson
۩ Monitor
۩ Leader
۩ Disturbance handler
Question No: 24 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the following is considered true for non-programmed decisions?
۩ Availability of ample information
۩ Issues of routine nature are addressed
۩ Addressed by the low-level management
۩ More emphasis is provided by top managers
Question No: 25 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
The best opinion is selected among various alternatives through voting by the
participants in a group decision making while conducting:
۩ Brainstorming
۩ Delphi
۩ Nominal
۩ Interacting
Question No: 26 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Simulation technique which artificially creates a replica of actual situation, is usually
applied in:
۩ Textile industry
۩ Airline industry
۩ Film industry
۩ Steel industry
Question No: 27 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Non-managerial staff can be best described as:
۩ Those who actually perform the service or produce the product.
۩ Those who work anonymously behind the scenes.
۩ Those who set the goals of the organization.
۩ Those who supervise others' work
Question No: 28 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Sociology can be defined as:
۩ The study of people in relation to their fellow human beings
۩ The study of societies which help to learn about human and their activities
۩ The study of behavior of the individuals or groups within the political environment
۩ The science that seeks to measure and explains human behavior
Question No: 29 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Behavioral viewpoint emphasizes the need of understanding the various factors
affecting the_______ in an organization.
۩ Undesired behavior
۩ Moral behavior
۩ Ethical behavior
۩ Human behavior
Question No: 30 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
The extent to which an alternative can be accomplished within related organizational
constraints such as time, budgets, technology and policies is called:
۩ Reversibility
۩ Sustainability
۩ Feasibility
Acceptability
Question No: 31 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Attempting to understand the signs of some problem comes under:
۩ Scanning stage
۩ Categorization stage
۩ Diagnosis stage
۩ Implementation stage
Question No: 32 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
The ABC Corporation has decided to upgrade its processing machines as it is
experiencing problems within its production department due to the usage of outdated
machineries, while its competitors are enjoying more profits by utilizing modern
technology. This is an example of an:
۩ Implementing the alternative
۩ Analyzing alternatives
۩ Developing alternatives
۩ Allocating weights to the criteria
Question No: 33 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Due to time constraints sometimes managers are bound to choose the alternative which
appears to be little satisfactory. Which of the given term depicts this situation?
۩ Decision quality
۩ Escalation of commitment
۩ Optimizing
۩ Satisficing
Question No: 34 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the following techniques relies on individual or group judgments rather than
on mathematical analysis?
Quantitative forecasting
Technological forecasting
Qualitative forecasting
Benchmark forecasting
Question No: 35 ( Marks: 3 )
Under what conditions programmed decision making style is preferred?
Question No: 36 ( Marks: 5 )
Managers at all levels and in all areas of organizations make decisions. What kinds of
decisions the different members of an organization have to make at different levels
within the organization?
Question No: 37 ( Marks: 5 )
What are the unique characteristics that emphasize the significance of rational decision
making?
ANSWRE
According to the rational model of decision making, managers engage in completely rational
decision processes, ultimately make optimal decisions, and possess and understand all
information relevant to their decisions at the time they make them. including all possible
alternatives and all potential outcomes and ramifications
Steps:-
identifying a problem.
identifying the decision criteria.
allocating weights to the criteria
involves developing alternatives
analyzing alternatives.
involves selecting an alternative
choosing a course of action and implementing the alternative
involves evaluating the decision effectiveness
Managerial decision making is assumed to be rational; that is, choices that is consistent and
value
maximizing within specified constraints. The assumptions of rationality are summarized
below.
a These assumptions are problem clarity (the problem is clear and unambiguous); goal
orientation (a single, well-defined goal is to be achieved); known options (all alternatives and
consequences are known); clear preferences; constant preferences (preferences are constant
and stable); no time or cost constraints; and maximum pay off.
b The assumption of rationality is that decisions are made in the best economic interests of
the
organization, not in the manager’s interests.
The assumptions of rationality can be met if: the manager is faced with a simple problem in
which goals are
clear and alternatives limited, in which time pressures are minimal and the cost of finding
and evaluating
alternatives is low, for which the organizational culture supports innovation and risk taking,
and in which
outcomes are concrete and measurable.
The rational model is flawed in that it does not apply to actual decision aiming for two
reasons.
a. Perfect information is not available.
b. Manager’s values and personality factors enter into their decisions.
The rational model presents an ideal against which actual decision-making patterns can be measured.
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