FINALTERM EXAMINATION
Fall 2009
MGT502- Organizational Behaviour (Session - 4)
Question No: 1 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which one of the following is not considered as a part of organizational output?
► Finished goods
► Services
► Dividends
► Capital
Adeel Abbas
Question No: 2 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
The degree to which people in a country accept that power in institution and organizations is distributed unequally is called:
► Terminal Values
► Power Distance
► Fairness
► Uncertainty Avoidance
Question No: 3 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Emotional Responses that the organization requires workers to show and considers appropriate in a given job are called:
► Felt Emotions
► Displayed Emotions
► Moods
► Emotional Intelligence
Question No: 4 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
When an employee expresses organizationally desired emotions during interpersonal transaction, it is called:
► Alexithymia
► Felt Emotions
► Emotional Labor
► Displayed Emotions
Question No: 5 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Asif is late for work each day by about ten minutes. How would Attribution Theory describe this behavior?
► It shows consensus
► It shows similarity
► It shows reliability
► It shows consistency
Question No: 6 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Amna is an honest and straightforward person. She believes her employees are all similarly honest and straightforward, ignoring signs that they may be
manipulating her. What perceptual shortcut is Amna most likely using?
► Prototyping
► Contrast effect
► Halo effect
► Projection
Question No: 7 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
What is generally considered to be the single best thing that managers can do to improve performance?
► Allocate tasks depending on personality
► Restrict the use of punishment as a means of motivating workers
► Give abundant opportunities for employee growth
► Concentrate on intrinsic rewards rather than extrinsic rewards
Question No: 8 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
In equity theory, individuals assess the ________________.
► Cost-benefit ratio
► Efficiency-effectiveness trade-off
► Quantity-quality trade-off
► Outcome-input ratio
Adeel Abbas
Question No: 9 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Who sets MBO objectives?
► The immediate supervisor
► The superior and subordinate
► The head of department
► The employees themselves
Question No: 10 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Fahad, Zain and Usama work in different departments, but often take lunch together. They are an example of what type of group?
Formal ►
Informal ►
Command ►
Task ►
Question No: 11 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
When the group energy is focused on the task at hand, the group has moved to the _____________ stage.
Storming ►
Norming ►
Maturation ►
Performing ►
Question No: 12 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Demand on leader is ___________ in a team comprising of 2-7 members.
► High
Highest ►
► Low
► Moderate
Question No: 13 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the following best demonstrates the effectiveness of self-managed teams?
An increase in the number of teams required to ► manufacture a product
A reduction in the number of employees ► qualified to participate in the teams
A significant reduction in response time for ► resolving customer concerns
An increase in the technology budget for ► connecting team members
Adeel Abbas
Question No: 14 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the following is NOT true about electronic meeting?
Participants type their responses onto a ► computer screen
It can be highly effective under certain ► conditions
Group cohesiveness will be considered ► high
Participants will be honest and ► anonymous
Question No: 15 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
There is fairly strong evidence that traits can predict _____ more accurately than leadership effectiveness.
Leadership emergence ►
Extraversion in leaders ►
Leadership awareness ►
Leadership competence ►
Question No: 16 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
The University of Michigan researchers concluded that:
► Employee-oriented leaders had lower productivity
► Employee-oriented leaders had higher productivity
► Production-oriented leaders created lower employee satisfaction
► Production-oriented leaders created higher employee satisfaction
Question No: 17 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of House’s leaders from path-goal theory are friendly and show concern for the needs of followers?
Adeel Abbas
► Directive
► Supportive
► Participative
► Achievement-oriented
Question No: 18 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
The charismatic leaders are likely to:
► Invoke high performance among followers
► Encourage women to seek leadership positions
► Motivate followers to become more extroverted
► Avoid media attention regarding their achievements
Question No: 19 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Sumeera has been working in a packaging company for last ten years. She is the most senior employee of her department that’s why her manager frequently relies on her judgment. Whenever manger goes out of city for work, he put Sumeera in charge because he knows she will handle work efficiently in his absence. What type of trust relationship is this?
► Reward-based trust
► Knowledge-based trust
► Identification-based trust
► Deterrence-based trust
Question No: 20 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Legitimate power is based on which of the following element?
► Positive rewards
► Interpersonal trust
► Structural position
► Expert knowledge
Question No: 21 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Your physician has advised you to take a series of medications. You comply because of her which of the following power?
► Formal
► Expert
► Referent
► Information
Question No: 22 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which type of conflict will you experience among the multiple roles in your life, like role of a father and a manager?
► Intergroup Conflict
► Interpersonal Conflict
► Interrole Conflict
► Intrarole Conflict
Adeel Abbas
Question No: 23 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
All of the following are types of conflict EXCEPT:
► Task Conflict
► Person-role Conflict
► Relationship Conflict
► Process Conflict
Question No: 24 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
The interactionist view of conflict proposes that functional conflict is:
► Necessary for effective group performance
► An indication of the group maturity level
► Always focused around relationships
► Make group members static and apathetic
Question No: 25 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
UNO wants to bring in a neutral third party who will facilitate a negotiated solution by using reasoning, persuasion, suggesting alternatives, and the like. This person is a(n):
Mediator ►
Arbitrator ►
Conciliator ►
Consultant ►
Question No: 26 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
In comparing the organizational design needs of the small organization and the large organization, which of the following is a consideration for the small organization?
More formalization ►
More specialization ►
More centralization ►
Flat hierarchy of authority ►
Question No: 27 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which one of the following is consistent with a simple structure?
High centralization ►
High employee discretion ►
Standardization ►
Bureaucracy ►
Question No: 28 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
You have eliminated horizontal, vertical, and external barriers within your organization. You are operating as a/an:
Boundaryless organization ►
Organizational pyramid ►
Matrix organization ►
Virtual organization ►
Adeel Abbas
Question No: 29 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
A trucking company routinely makes all of its office staff work for a week in the warehouse area; loading trucks, cleaning trucks, and doing other work which they are capable of. This program is an example of which of the following?
Job rotation ►
Job enlargement ►
Job enrichment ►
Job sharing ►
Question No: 30 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Essential elements of TQM include all EXCEPT:
Analysis of customer quality ► needs
Benchmarking ►
Rewarding ►
Standards ►
Question No: 31 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
The purpose of --------------- is for an outside consultant to assist a manager, “to perceive, understand, and act upon process events”.
Process Consultation ►
Team ► Building
Appreciative ► Inquiry
Sensitivity ► Training
Question No: 32 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Once the causes of difficulty have been identified, the groups can move to the _____________ to develop solutions that will improve relations between the groups.
Process ► Consultation
Appreciative ► Inquiry
Integration phase ►
Team ► Building
Question No: 33 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which type of selection technique is given the most weight?
Written test ►
Performance-simulation test ►
Electronic test ►
► Interview
Question No: 34 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
The centerpiece of most diversity programs is:
Money ►
Employer commitment ►
► Training
Human resource personnel ►
Question No: 35 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
A strong culture can act as a substitute for which of the following?
Institutionalization ►
► Formalization
Socialization ►
Organizational rules ►
Question No: 36 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Consistency of behavior is an asset to an organization when it faces which of the following?
Massive changes ►
A dynamic environment ►
An unknown environment ►
A stable environment ►
Question No: 37 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the following is an example of change in the nature of competition?
Growth of e-commerce ►
Decline in global oil prices ►
Increased interest in urban ► living
A decrease in interest rates ►
Question No: 38 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the following is NOT a source of individual resistance to change?
Habit ►
Security ►
Inertia ►
Economic factors ►
Question No: 39 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
What term is used for feelings that tend to be less intensive than emotions?
Affect ►
Cognition ►
Thoughts ►
Mood ►
Question No: 40 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which one of the following is NOT a characteristic of group in organization?
Common goal ►
Interaction with one another ►
Accept expectations and obligations ►
Mutually independent ►
Adeel Abbas
Question No: 41 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the following refers to the network of personal and social relations that is developed spontaneously between people associated with each other?
Formal organization ►
Informal organization ►
Business organization ►
Government organization ►
Question No: 42 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
All of the following are the primary bases of personal power EXCEPT:
Referent power ►
Position power ►
Expert power ►
Coercive power ►
Question No: 43 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Trying to make someone else accept blame for a problem is an example of which of the following conflict handling intention?
Competing ►
Compromising ►
Avoiding ►
Accommodating ►
Question No: 44 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
At Sawera Manufacturing, Inc., the sales representatives often argue with the production employees because promised orders are often behind the schedule. The production employees claim that the sales representatives frequently fail to submit orders until they are already past due. The sales representatives and the production employees are experiencing which of the following conflict?
Competition for scarce ► resources
Intergroup conflict ►
Interpersonal conflict ►
Representative conflict ►
Question No: 45 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
When two party’s goals are incompatible, but their interactions are important to meeting their goals, which reaction to conflict is likely to occur?
Competition ►
Collaboration ►
Compromise ►
Accommodation ►
Question No: 46 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the following is NOT a personal cause of conflict in organizations?
Personalities ►
Perception ►
Authority relationships ►
Communication ►
Question No: 47 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
To achieve a compromise approach, one needs to________________.
Avoid overt disagreement ►
Value openness and trust ►
Dominate the other conflicting ► party
Give up something of value ►
Adeel Abbas
Question No: 48 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Division of labor is often referred to as which of the following?
Departmentalization ►
The organizational chart ►
Specialization ►
The administrative hierarchy ►
Question No: 49 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
When there is a narrow span of control, to improve the span of control there is likely to be:
An increase in the number of ► workers
Less control over production ► workers
More administrative levels ►
Less bureaucracy ►
Question No: 50 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Jobs grouped according to traditional business tasks such as marketing, manufacturing, and personnel are departmentalized by:
Process ►
Service ►
Function ►
Structure ►
Question No: 51 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
The process of constructing and adjusting an organization's structure to achieve its goals is:
Strategic management ►
Strategy-structure fit ►
Organizational design ►
Organizational ► reconfiguration
Question No: 52 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
An alternative work arrangement in which employees must be present to perform job duties during a required core time but starting and ending work times can vary is called which of the following?
Job sharing ►
Compressed workweek ► scheduling
Task restructuring ►
Flextime ►
Question No: 53 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
The tools, techniques, and actions used by an organization to transform inputs into outputs are called:
An organization's technology ►
The throughput ►
The transformation process ►
Work design ►
Adeel Abbas
Question No: 54 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the following states the minimum acceptable qualifications that the incumbent must possess to perform the job successfully?
Job description ►
Job specification ►
Job evaluation ►
Job enrichment ►
Question No: 55 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the following specifies the relative value of each job in the organization?
Job description ►
Job specification ►
Job evaluation ►
Job enrichment ►
Question No: 56 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
All of the following are examples of external forces for change EXCEPT:
Workforce diversity ►
Globalization ►
Company Crisis ►
Ethical behavior ►
Question No: 57 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
All of the following are examples of external forces for change EXCEPT:
Changing work climate ►
Workforce diversity ►
Globalization ►
Ethical behavior ►
Question No: 58 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the following is the individual source of resistance to change?
Structural inertia ►
Threat to expertise ►
Fear of unknown ►
Threatened power ►
Question No: 59 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the following is the individual source of resistance to change?
Structural inertia ►
Threat to expertise ►
New social relationships ►
Threatened power ►
Adeel Abbas
Question No: 60 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the following is the process of planned change and improvement of the organization through application of knowledge of the behavioral science?
Organizational culture ►
Organizational theory ►
Organizational Change ►
Organizational Development ►
Question No: 61 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the following can be termed as organizational development program?
Switching from manual to computerized ► system
Technological change ►
Total Quality Management ►
Designing changes for other ► organization
Adeel Abbas
Question No: 62 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the following is the process in which data is gathered, analyzed, summarized and returned to those who generated them?
Process Consultation ►
Survey feedback ►
Inter-group development ►
Sensitivity Training ►
Question No: 63 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the following performance component is about addressing poor performance and improving good performance?
Planning ►
Monitoring ►
Rewarding ►
Developing ►
Question No: 64 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Usman is a production in charge in an organization. His performance can be judged on the criteria of cost of per unit of production or total units produced. Identify the criteria on which his performance has been evaluated.
Attitude ►
Traits ►
Individual task outcomes ►
Behavior ►
Question No: 65 ( Marks: 3 )
What can organizations do to help employees develop their careers?
Adeel Abbas
Answer:
Organizations will need to develop a strategy for attracting and keeping the desired workers.
Organization need to develop employee career development program.
Some of them are following
Mentoring & Coaching:
senior member of organization takes an active role in guiding other employees or management is called mentoring.
Tuition assistance programs
Provide additional information to employee so they have better choice of the career.
Job rotation:
Change the employee to one kind of job to other kind of job so they get knowledge of wide variety of jobs.
.
Question No: 66 ( Marks: 5 )
Discuss why reward power is the easiest base of power to use.
The opposite of coercive power is reward power.
People get motivation when they get positive benefits; therefore, one who can distribute rewards they view them as valuable.
If we can give someone something of positive value or remove something of negative
value, we have reward power over that person.
These rewards could of different types depending upon the how the person value these rewards
• Coercive power and reward power opposite of each other.
If we can remove something of positive value from someone or give something of negative value upon him then we have coercive power over that person.
Being an agent of change we like to proceed
Question No: 67 ( Marks: 10 )
What factors provoke the organizational change; as being the initiator of such change how will you proceed?
Answer:
Organizational change is the process to take an organization away from its present state and toward some future state to increase its effectiveness. Due to changing nature of our environment its necessary to keeping changing organizational strategies to adjust with environment.
Force like economic, Policies , diversity , competitive forces keep changing with the passage of time and an organization is continuously interacting with these forces.
So its become necessity for the organization to change to handle those external changes.
Managers are the primary change agents in most organizations.
There are two type of forces of change
Internal and external
External foces : economics, Technology, social and Political forces
Internal : company crises, effectiveness of decision making,
During the change we face the different type of internal resistance.
Will try to over com the resistance by
Education and communication: we can reduc resistance by provide more information about the change and giving positive view of that change
Manipulation and cooptation:
Twisting and distorting facts to make them appear more attractive, and hide undesirable information, and creating false rumors to get employees to accept a change
Support and Training Employee counseling is very powerful tool to get support, New-skills training, or a short paid leave also can facilitate adjustment. Only draw back of it is, time-consuming, expensive, implementation offers no guarantee of success.
Negotiation Negotiation as a tactic may be necessary when resistance is from powerful source.
Coercion we can use threats of transfer, loss of promotions, negative performance
Evaluations, and a poor letter of recommendation
Question No: 68 ( Marks: 10 )
Which bases of power are more effective, also explain how these bases can be used productively.?
Answer:
Power :
Power refers to a capacity that A has to influence the behavior of B, so that B acts in
accordance with A’s wishes
Referent Power:
Referent power is based on identification with a person who has desirable resources or personal qualities.
If I like, respect and admire you, you can exercise power on me because I want to please you. It helps explain, for instance why celebrities are paid so high to introduce products in commercial Marketing. These celebrities has referent power.
Expert power
Expert power is influence as a result of expertise or special skill or knowledge.
As jobs become more specialized we become increasingly dependent on experts to achieve goals. Like doctors have expert power what prescription or advice they give they exercise their expert power.
Most of us follow their advice that our they gives us.
you should also recognize that computer specialists are able to wield power as a result of their expertise. Expertise has become one of the most powerful sources of influence as the world has become more technologically oriented.
Legitimate Power: in organization most frequent access to one or more of the power bases is structural position. This is called legitimate power. It represents the formal authority to control and use organizational resources.
It include reward and coercive power. Legitimate power, is border than the power to coerce and reward. Specifically, it includes acceptance by members in an organization of the authority of a position. School principals, CEO of company are some of example of legitimate power.
Charismatic Power:
• Is an extension of referent power. An individual’s personality and interpersonal style make others to follow because they can articulate attractive visions.
Holder of this kind of power , take personal risks, demonstrate follower sensitivity.
Coercive Power:
Base of coercive power is dependent on fear or threat of application of physical pain or generate the fear.
In the organizational, A has coercive power over B if A can dismiss, suspend, or demote
Reward Power:
The opposite of coercive power is reward power. People comply because doing so produces positive benefits; therefore, one who can distribute rewards that others view as valuable. These rewards can be anything depending upon the person how much that reward is valuable for him.
I think Reward power is more powerful because you can give reward to person depending up on that how much they value that reward. Like in organization if you wanted to get something done and your subordinate know that their work will be given a proper reward then he/she put his best to give output by keep his reward in mind.
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